Which article of the UCMJ protects individuals from self-incrimination?

Article 31 of the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) is the provision that protects individuals, specifically service members, from self-incrimination. This article mandates that no service member shall be compelled to incriminate themselves, ensuring that they have the right to remain silent and cannot be forced to make statements that could be used against them in a military trial.

This protection is essential as it aligns with the broader principles of due process and legal rights, similar to the Fifth Amendment rights found in civilian law. Article 31 also requires that any time a military member is interrogated, they must first be informed of their rights, which includes the right to remain silent and the right to consult with legal counsel. This process ensures that individuals are aware of their protections and can make informed decisions during military investigations.

The other articles mentioned have different focuses: Article 15 deals with non-judicial punishment; Article 32 outlines the procedures for preliminary hearings; and Article 34 pertains to the review of cases before courts-martial. Each of these articles plays a specific role in military justice but does not provide the same protections against self-incrimination as Article 31.